Cisco NTP-E157 User Manual Page 80
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User’s Manual of ISW-1022M Series and ISW-1033MT
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The tagging feature allows VLAN to span multiple 802.1Q-compliant switches through a single physical
connection and allows Spanning Tree to be enabled on all ports and work normally.
Some relevant terms:
Tagging - The act of putting 802.1Q VLAN information into the header of a packet.
Untagging - The act of stripping 802.1Q VLAN information out of the packet header.
802.1Q VLAN Tags
The figure below shows the 802.1Q VLAN tag. There are four additional octets inserted after the source MAC address.
Their presence is indicated by a value of 0x8100 in the Ether Type field. When a packet's Ether Type field is equal to
0x8100, the packet carries the IEEE 802.1Q/802.1p tag. The tag is contained in the following two octets and consists of 3
bits of user priority, 1 bit of Canonical Format Identifier (CFI - used for encapsulating Token Ring packets so they can be
carried across Ethernet backbones), and 12 bits of VLAN ID (VID). The 3 bits of user priority are used by 802.1p. The VID
is the VLAN identifier and is used by the 802.1Q standard. Because the VID is 12 bits long, 4094 unique VLAN can be
identified.
The tag is inserted into the packet header making the entire packet longer by 4 octets. All of the information originally
contained in the packet is retained.
802.1Q Tag
User Priority CFI VLAN ID (VID)
3 bits 1 bits 12 bits
TPID (Tag Protocol Identifier) TCI (Tag Control Information)
2 bytes 2 bytes
Preamble
Destination
Address
Source
Address
VLAN TAG
Ethernet
Type
Data FCS
6 bytes 6 bytes 4 bytes 2 bytes 46-1517 bytes 4 bytes
The Ether Type and VLAN ID are inserted after the MAC source address, but before the original Ether Type/Length or
Logical Link Control. Because the packet is now a bit longer than it was originally, the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)
must be recalculated.
- User’s Manual 1
- Trademarks 2
- Disclaimer 2
- WEEE Warning 2
- TABLE OF CONTENTS 3
- 1. Introduction 6
- 1.3 Product Features 7
- 1.4 Product Specification 10
- 2. Installation 18
- 2.1.2 Front / Rear Panel 21
- 2.1.3 Top View 24
- 2.1.4 LED Indicators 25
- 2.2 Install the Switch 30
- 2.2.2 DIN-Rail Mounting 31
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 33
- Power 2 Power 1 33
- - + - + 33
- Connect the fiber cable 37
- 3. Network Application 39
- 3.1 Rapid Ring Application 40
- 3.3 Dual Homing Application 41
- 4. Console Management 42
- Console login interface 44
- 4.4 CLI Management 45
- 4.5 Commands Level 46
- 5. Web-Based Management 47
- 5.2 Requirements 48
- 5.3 Logging on the switch 48
- 5.4 System 50
- 5.4.1 System Information 51
- 5.4.2 IP Configuration 52
- 5.4.3 DHCP Server 53
- 5.4.3.2 Client Entries 54
- 5.4.3.3 Port and IP Bindings 55
- 5.4.4 TFTP 56
- 5.4.4.3 Backup Configuration 57
- 5.4.5 System Event Log 58
- 5.4.6 Fault Relay Alarm 62
- 5.4.7 SNTP Configuration 63
- UTC Timezone: 64
- 5.4.8 IP Security 66
- 5.4.9 User Authentication 67
- 5.5 Port Management 68
- 5.5.2 Port Control 69
- 5.5.3 Port Trunk 70
- 5.5.3.1 Aggregator setting 71
- LACP disabled 72
- LACP enabled 73
- Switch 1 configuration 73
- Switch 2 configuration 74
- 5.5.3.3 State Activity 76
- 5.5.4 Port Mirroring 77
- 5.5.5 Rate Limiting 78
- 5.6 Protocol 79
- New Tagged Packet 81
- Original Ethernet 81
- Priority CFI VLAN ID 81
- 5.6.1.2 VLAN Configuration 82
- 5.6.1.3 Port-based VLAN 82
- 5.6.1.4 802.1Q VLAN 84
- Group Configuration 89
- 5.6.2 Rapid Spanning Tree 90
- 5.6.2.2 RSTP Parameters 92
- 5.6 2.3 Illustration of STP 94
- 5.6.2.5 Port Configuration 98
- 5.6.3 SNMP Configuration 100
- 5.6.3.2 Trap Configuration 101
- 5.6.3.3 SNMPV3 Configuration 102
- Context Table 102
- User Table 102
- Group Table 103
- Access Table 103
- MIBview Table 104
- 5.6.4 QoS Configuration 105
- 5.6.4.2 Port-based Priority 107
- 5.6.4.3 COS Configuration 107
- 5.6.4.4 TOS Configuration 108
- 5.6.5 IGMP Snooping 110
- Type Response Time 112
- Non-Member 113
- Delaying Member Idle Member 113
- 5.6.5.2 IGMP Configuration 114
- 5.6.6 X-Ring 115
- 5.6.6.4 X-Ring Configuration 117
- 5.7 Security 119
- 5.7.1.2 System Configuration 122
- 5.7.1.3 Port Configuration 123
- 5.7.1.4 Misc Configuration 124
- 5.7.2 MAC Address Table 125
- 5.7.2.2 MAC Filtering 126
- 5.7.2.3 All MAC Addresses 127
- 5.7.2.4 Multicast Filtering 128
- 5.8.1 Digital Input 129
- 5.8.2 Digital Output 130
- 5.9 Power over Ethernet 131
- 5.10 Factory Default 135
- 5.11 Save Configuration 135
- 5.12 System Reboot 136
- 6. Command Sets 137
- 6.2 Port Commands Set 139
- 6.3 Trunk Commands Set 141
- 6.4 VLAN Commands Set 142
- 6.6 QOS Commands Set 145
- 6.7 IGMP Commands Set 145
- 6.9 SNMP Commands Set 146
- 6.11 802.1x Commands Set 149
- 6.12 TFTP Commands Set 150
- 6.14 SNTP Commands Set 152
- 6.15 X-ring Commands Set 153
- 6.16 PoE Command Set 153
- 7. SWITCH OPERATION 155
- 7.5 Auto-Negotiation 156
- What is PoE? 157
- POWER SOURCING 158
- EQUIPMENT (PSE) 158
- POWER DEVIC 158
- The PoE Provision Process 159
- Start-up 160
- Operation 160
- 12345678 162
- Appendix B Troubles shooting 163
- EC Declaration of Conformity 164
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